Maven（三）POM-maven三生命周期.md
title: Maven（三）POMdate: 2021-06-19 15:14:58.875
updated: 2021-06-19 15:42:28.067
url: /?p=245
categories: Maven
tags: maven
简介
POM( Project Object Model，项目对象模型 ) 是 Maven 工程的基本工作单元，是一个XML文件，包含了项目的基本信息，用于描述项目如何构建，声明项目依赖，等等。
执行任务或目标时，Maven 会在当前目录中查找 POM。它读取 POM，获取所需的配置信息，然后执行目标。
POM 中可以指定以下配置：
- 项目依赖
- 插件
- 执行目标
- 项目构建 profile
- 项目版本
- 项目开发者列表
- 相关邮件列表信息
在创建 POM 之前，我们首先需要描述项目组 (groupId), 项目的唯一ID。
1 | <!-- 工程的根标签。 --> |
父（Super）POM
- 父（Super）POM是 Maven 默认的 POM。所有的 POM 都继承自一个父 POM（无论是否显式定义了这个父 POM）。父 POM 包含了一些可以被继承的默认设置。
- Maven 使用 effective pom（Super pom 加上工程自己的配置）来执行相关的目标，它帮助开发者在 pom.xml 中做尽可能少的配置，当然这些配置可以被重写。
- 使用以下命令来查看 Super POM 默认配置：```
mvn help:effective-pom1
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```xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lautung.project_group</groupId>
<artifactId>project</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>sadf</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<repositories>
<repository>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\src\main\java</sourceDirectory>
<scriptSourceDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\src\main\scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\src\test\java</testSourceDirectory>
<outputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\classes</outputDirectory>
<testOutputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\src\main\resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\src\test\resources</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<directory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target</directory>
<finalName>project-1.0-SNAPSHOT</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2-beta-5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-clean</id>
<phase>clean</phase>
<goals>
<goal>clean</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-testResources</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>testResources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-resources</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>resources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-jar</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-compile</id>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-testCompile</id>
<phase>test-compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>testCompile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.12.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-test</id>
<phase>test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>test</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-install</id>
<phase>install</phase>
<goals>
<goal>install</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-deploy</id>
<phase>deploy</phase>
<goals>
<goal>deploy</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-site</id>
<phase>site</phase>
<goals>
<goal>site</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>default-deploy</id>
<phase>site-deploy</phase>
<goals>
<goal>deploy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\site</outputDirectory>
<reportPlugins>
<reportPlugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</reportPlugin>
</reportPlugins>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<reporting>
<outputDirectory>D:\development_coding\mavenBuild\sadf\target\site</outputDirectory>
</reporting>
</project>
参考
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